William J. Callahan, Church, Politics, and Society in Spain, 1750–1874 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1984).
375
Rosenberg, The Cholera Years, 135.
376
Chambers, The Conquest of Cholera, 41.
378
Rosenberg, The Cholera Years, 62–63.
379
William Watson, "The Sisters of Charity, the 1832 Cholera Epidemic in Philadelphia, and Duffy"s Cut," U. S. Catholic Historian 27, no. 4 (Fall 2009): 1–16; Dan Barry, "With Shovels and Science, a Grim Story Is Told," The New York Times, March 24, 2013.
380
Barry, "With Shovels and Science."
381
W. Omar, "The Mecca Pilgrimage," Postgraduate Medical Journal 28, no. 319 (1952): 269.
382
M. C. Low, "Empire and the Hajj: Pilgrims, Plagues, and Pan-Islam Under British Surveillance, 1865–1908," International Journal of Middle East Studies 40, no. 2 (2008): 1–22.
383
F. E. Peters, The Hajj: The Muslim Pilgrimage to Mecca and the Holy Places (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994).